Arab ba'ath movement
Ba'ath party syria
Michel aflaq.
Iran–Syria relations
Bilateral relations
Syria established diplomatic relations with Pahlavi Iran after independence, but it was not until the Iranian revolution that Alawite-led Syria established close ties with Iran.[1] Under the Ba'athist rule, Syria was usually called Iran's "closest ally".[2] Iran and Syria had a strategic alliance ever since the Iran–Iraq War, when Syria sided with non-Arab Iran against neighbouring Ba'ath-ruled Iraq.[3] The two countries shared a common animosity towards then-Iraqi president Saddam Hussein and coordination against the United States and Israel until the fall of the Assad regime after the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives were completed on December 8th.
During the Syrian Civil War, Iran conducted, alongside Russia, "an extensive, expensive, and integrated effort to keep Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in power."[4] In September 2022, Iranian state media reported[5] that high-level offic
